© 2006 Society of Systematic Biologists
DNA Barcoding Will Often Fail to Discover New Animal Species over Broad Parameter Space
1 Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley, California, 94720-3160, USA E-mail: mhick{at}berkeley.edu (M.J.H.)
2 Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida Gainesville, Florida, 32611-7800, USA
Edited by Marshal Hedin: Associate Editor
 |
Abstract |
|---|
With increasing force, genetic divergence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is being argued as the primary tool for discovery of animal species. Two thresholds of single-gene divergence have been proposed: reciprocal monophyly, and 10 times greater genetic divergence between than within species (the "10x rule"). To explore quantitatively the utility of each approach, we couple neutral coalescent theory and the classical Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller (BDM) model of speciation. The joint stochastic dynamics of these two processes demonstrate that both thresholds fail to "discover" many reproductively isolated lineages under a single incompatibility BDM model, especially when BDM loci have been subject to divergent selection. Only when populations have been isolated for > 4 million generations did these thresholds achieve error rates of <10% under our model that incorporates variable population sizes. The high error rate evident in simulations is corroborated with six empirical data sets. These properties suggest that single-gene, high-throughput approaches to discovering new animal species will bias large-scale biodiversity surveys, particularly toward missing reproductively isolated lineages that have emerged by divergent selection or other mechanisms that accelerate reproductive isolation. Because single-gene thresholds for species discovery can result in substantial error at recent divergence times, they will misrepresent the correspondence between recently isolated populations and reproductively isolated lineages (= species).
Keywords: Allopatric; Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller; DNA barcode; peripatric; reciprocal monophyly
Received December 22, 2005; Revised March 14, 2006; Accepted May 10, 2006
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  D. M. Spooner DNA barcoding will frequently fail in complicated groups: An example in wild potatoes Am. J. Botany, June 1, 2009; 96(6): 1177 - 1189. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Meier, G. Zhang, and F. Ali The Use of Mean Instead of Smallest Interspecific Distances Exaggerates the Size of the "Barcoding Gap" and Leads to Misidentification Syst Biol, October 1, 2008; 57(5): 809 - 813. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Papadopoulou, J. Bergsten, T. Fujisawa, M. T Monaghan, T. G Barraclough, and A. P Vogler Speciation and DNA barcodes: testing the effects of dispersal on the formation of discrete sequence clusters Phil Trans R Soc B, September 27, 2008; 363(1506): 2987 - 2996. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. E. Bond and A. K. Stockman An Integrative Method for Delimiting Cohesion Species: Finding the Population-Species Interface in a Group of Californian Trapdoor Spiders with Extreme Genetic Divergence and Geographic Structuring Syst Biol, August 1, 2008; 57(4): 628 - 646. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. B. Zhang, D. S. Sikes, C. Muster, and S. Q. Li Inferring Species Membership Using DNA Sequences with Back-Propagation Neural Networks Syst Biol, April 1, 2008; 57(2): 202 - 215. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. A. Ross, S. Murugan, and W. L. Sibon Li Testing the Reliability of Genetic Methods of Species Identification via Simulation Syst Biol, April 1, 2008; 57(2): 216 - 230. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. Wiens Species Delimitation: New Approaches for Discovering Diversity Syst Biol, December 1, 2007; 56(6): 875 - 878. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. L. Knowles and B. C. Carstens Delimiting Species without Monophyletic Gene Trees Syst Biol, December 1, 2007; 56(6): 887 - 895. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Elias, R. I Hill, K. R Willmott, K. K Dasmahapatra, A. V.Z Brower, J. Mallet, and C. D Jiggins Limited performance of DNA barcoding in a diverse community of tropical butterflies Proc R Soc B, November 22, 2007; 274(1627): 2881 - 2889. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|