© 2004 Society of Systematic Biologists
Phylogeny of Agrodiaetus Hübner 1822 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) Inferred from mtDNA Sequences of COI and COII and Nuclear Sequences of EF1-
: Karyotype Diversification and Species Radiation
1 Department of Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA; E-mail: kandul{at}fas.harvard.edu (N.P.K.)
2 Department of Entomology, St. Petersburg State University Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
3 Center for Conservation Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto California 94305, USA
Edited by Ted Schultz: Associate Editor
 |
Abstract |
|---|
Butterflies in the large Palearctic genus Agrodiaetus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) are extremely uniform and exhibit few distinguishing morphological characters. However, these insects are distinctive in one respect: as a group they possess among the greatest interspecific karyotype diversity in the animal kingdom, with chromosome numbers (n) ranging from 10 to 125. The monophyly of Agrodiaetus and its systematic position relative to other groups within the section Polyommatus have been controversial. Characters from the mitochondrial genes for cytochrome oxidases I and II and from the nuclear gene for elongation factor 1
were used to reconstruct the phylogeny of Agrodiaetus using maximum parsimony and Bayesian phylogenetic methods. Ninety-one individuals, encompassing most of the taxonomic diversity of Agrodiaetus, and representatives of 14 related genera were included in this analysis. Our data indicate that Agrodiaetus is monophyletic. Representatives of the genus Polyommatus (sensu stricto) are the closest relatives. The sequences of the Agrodiaetus taxa in this analysis are tentatively arranged into 12 clades, only 1 of which corresponds to a species group traditionally recognized in Agrodiaetus. Heterogeneous substitution rates across a recovered topology were homogenized with a nonparametric rate-smoothing algorithm before the application of a molecular clock. Two published estimates of substitution rates dated the origin of Agrodiaetus between 2.51 and 3.85 million years ago. During this time, there was heterogeneity in the rate and direction of karyotype evolution among lineages within the genus. Karyotype instability has evolved independently three times in the section Polyommatus, within the lineages Agrodiaetus, Lysandra, and Plebicula. Rapid karyotype diversification may have played a significant role in the radiation of the genus Agrodiaetus.
Keywords: Agrodiaetus; cytochrome oxidase I; cytochrome oxidase II; elongation factor 1; karyotype diversification; phylogeny; Polyommatus; speciation
Received April 1, 2003; Revised August 13, 2003; Accepted November 17, 2003
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  A. Kawakita and M. Kato Repeated independent evolution of obligate pollination mutualism in the Phyllantheae-Epicephala association Proc R Soc B, February 7, 2009; 276(1656): 417 - 426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. G. Pringle, S. W. Baxter, C. L. Webster, A. Papanicolaou, S. F. Lee, and C. D. Jiggins Synteny and Chromosome Evolution in the Lepidoptera: Evidence From Mapping in Heliconius melpomene Genetics, September 1, 2007; 177(1): 417 - 426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|